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2 Sheets-Sheet 1.` E. J. MOLBRA 8a J. G.- OEBRIAN. Optical Instrument.

t No. 230,322. i Patented July 20,1880.

l l s WITNESSES INVENTOR (,MWMATTORNEY l ZSheets-Sheet 2. vB. J. MOLERA & J. C. CBBRIAN.

tical-Instrument.

PatentedJuly 20.1880.

AIN'VEITTOR.

N. FETES, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHEH, WASHINGTON, DA C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

EUSEBIUS J. MOLERA AND JOHN O. GEBRIAN, VOF SAN FRANCISCO, OAL.

OPTICAL INSTRUMENT.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. 230,322, dated July 20, 1880.

Application filed January 27, 1880. I

.T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be. it known that we, EUsEBiUs J. MOLERA and JOHN O. GEBRIAN, of San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and uset'ul Improvements in Optical instruments; and we do hereby declare the following' to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled 1n the art to which itpcrtains to make Iand useit, reference being' had to the accompanying' drawings, which form part of this specification.

Our invention is iuore especially intended to provide means for easily reading and examining' matter previously reduced toa microscopic scale by photographic apparatus constituting' separate application for patent.

rlhe improvements relate to the optical construction of the instrument, and to the means employed in adjusting the holder which maintains in position the plate containing' the microscopic matter'.

The invention consists, iirst, in the combination, with one or more lightcondensing' lenses and a plate-holder, of one or more microscopic lenses and a transparent screen, said parts being' inclosed in a tubular ease and provided with a screw-shaft extending rearward, whereby the observer may adjust the plateholder relative tothe microscopic lens; second, in the combination, with one or more light-condensing' lenses, a plate-holder, and one or more microscopic lenses, of a transparent screen and a magnifying-lens, said parts ybeing' connected together and inclosed in a tubular case; third, in the combination, with a frame having a horizontal cylinder and a plate-holder provided with a piston working' in the cylinder, of a connecting-tube adapted to be filled with liquid and a. liquid-adjusting device; fourth in the combination, with avertically-adjustable frame having' a horizontal cylinder and a plateholder provided with a piston working in thecylinder, ofa tube adapted to be tilled with liquid, a liquid-adjusting device, and a iicx'ible pipe which connects said tube with the cylinder; fifth, in the combination, with two tubes adapted to be tilled with liquid, a horizontal cylinder connected with one and means for indtqiendenily adjusting the liquid in said tubes, of a framehavingdepending' pistons which work in the upright cylinders and a plate-holder having sliding move'- yment in said frame nml provided with a piston which works in the horizontal cylinder; sixth, in the combination, with a tube adapted to be filled with 'liquid and having its bifurcated forward portion formed with upright cylinders and a plate-holder frame provided with depending' pistons which work in the cylinders, of a tubular screw-plug fitted in the rear portion of the tube and a small screwplug fitted in said tubular plug', whereby the liquid in the tube may be adjusted slowly or quickly.

Referring' to the drawings, Figure 1 is a vern tical central section of one foriuof apparatus embodying our invention. Fig. .3 is a different forni of apparatus embodying` the salue invention. Fig. 3 is a detail view. in -front elevation, of the mechanism for adjusting' the plateholder. Fig'. 4 is a view, partly in plan andv partly in horizontal section, of saidA detail mechanism. Fig. 5 is a detailA perspective vview oi' the heliostat used in the apparatus ot' Fig'. 2.

The transparent plate which contains the luicroscopic mattei' is placed in the plate-holder A. The light. from any suitable source, condensed by a proper deiiector-one or more con densing' lenses, B--passes through the plate, aml the pencils of light from the latter pass through one or more microscopic lenses, O.

An enlarged in'iage is thereby projected on a transparent screen, D, and said image is still further enlarged by one or more magnifying lenses, E. i

A tabula-1' casing, F, rigid or elastic, incloses the several parts of the instrunlent and protects them from exposure to exterior light, so that the image ou the screen may be plainly seen. The observer is Iable to read the plate without placing' his eyes' up close to the instrument, and, without heilig obliged to look through a small hole or holes, lie can look at the observing-glass with ease and comfort. In fact, it is not necessary to employ any lens E, antlwhen it is omitted the observer look-s diof said tubes, upright cylinders formed in the rectly at thc transparent screen. An instrubifurcated forward portion of the other tube, I ment of this coi'istruction is shown in Fig. 2,

together with a modified form of light-condensin g apparatus, the heliostat G being provided with means which adapt it to be operated l'rom the observers seat.

When the plate is not transparent the light and light-condensing apparatus have to be placed in front ol the plate-holder. In some cases natural daylight will besuiiicient, and the light-condensing apparatus may he suppressed.

In instance of using an electric light, H, the same may be connected with an electric machine, L, operated by a driving-wheel, M, which latter is actuated by the feet ot' the observer.

The plate-holder is adapted to be adjusted relative to the. microscopic lens or lenses by a. screw-shaft, N, which extends rearward, to be operated from the observers stand. The plateholder is also adapted to be operated by the observer without leaving his position, and two rates ot' movement are provided, one being for a quick and the other for a slow adjustment ot' the plate-holder. 'Iwo tubes, P, adapted to be lilled with liquid, extend lengthwise ot' theinstrument, and have their forward portions formed as upright cylinders a.. In the latter work pistons b, which depend from a vertical frame, t, the lower longitudinal portion ol' which is formed with a horizontal cylinder, c. This latter cylinder connects with one ot' the liquid-tubes by a Vllexible pipe, d, which permits ot' the independent vertical adjustment of the lrnme which supports the plate-holder.

The upper and lower portions of this plateholder slide in grooved ways formed in the corresponding portions of said frame, and the lower portion of' the plate-holder is provided with a piston,j`, which works in the horizontal cylinder. The rear extremities ot' the liquidtubes are, respectively, provided with tubular screw-plugs lr/,in which latter lit smaller screwplugs, It. The small screw-plugs are adapted for slight and gradual adjustments ot' theplateholder, while the tubular screw-plugs are used when the adjustment is to be considerable or to be accomplished rapidly.

By turning the screw-[Hugs in the liquid is l'orced up agzitinst the respective pistons of' the several cylinders and the plate-holder is correspondingly moved. By turning the screwplugs out the gravity ot` the plate-holder frame causes its pistons to move the water from its former position, and the desired adjustment follows.

In the preceding description we have shown a complete apparatus embodying all specilic elements necessary to illustrate our improvements. It is evident, however, that certain relatively distinct parts of the invention may be employed independently ol" the other parts. It is also apparent that changes, substitutions, and omissions may he made as regards the detail .mechanism previously described, provided the essential t'eatures ol" invention set forth in the following claims are employed.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, with one or more lightcondensing lenses and a plate-holder, of one or more microscopic lenses and a transparent screen, said parts heilig inclosed in a screwshaft extending rearward, whereby the observer may adjust the plate-holder relative to the microscopic lens, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with one or more light'- condensing lenses, a plate-holder, and one or more microscopicle1ises,ot`a transparent screen and a magnifying-lens, said parts being connected together andinclosed in a tubular case, substantially as set forth.

3. rI he combination, with a frame having a horizontal cylinder and a plate-holder provided with a piston working in the cylinder, ot' a connecting-tube adapted to be lilled with liquid and a liquid-adjusting device, substantially as set forth.

LI. rlhe combination, with a vertically-adjustable frame having a horizontal cylinder and a plate-holder provided with a piston working in the cylinder, of atube adapted to be iilled with liquid, a liquid-adjusting device, and a flexible pipe which connects said tube with the cylinder, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with two tubes adapted to be filled with liquid, a horizontal cylinder connected with one of said tubes, upright cylinders formed in the bifurcated forward portion of the other tube, and means for independently adjusting the liquid in said tubes, of a frame having depending pistons which work in the upright cylinders and a plateholder having sliding movementin said frame and provided with a piston which works iu the horizontal cylinder, substantially as set forth.

(i. The combination, with a tube adapted to be tilled with liquid and having its bii'urcated forward portion formed with upright cylinders and a plate-holder frame provided with depending pistons which work in the cylinders, ot' a tubular screw-plug fitted in the rear portion ot' the tube and a small screw-plug fitted in said tubular plug, whereby the liquid in the tube may be adjusted slowly orquickly, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing- I, EUSEBIUS J. MOLERA, do hereunto set my hand this 16th day of January, .A l).1880.

EUSEBIUS J. MOLERA.

YVitnesses THOMAS I). GRAHAM, F. O. WEerENER.v

Wtnesses T. P. HALL, A. W. BRIGHT.

IIO

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